Recreation and tourism. Traveling in Switzerland Automatic translate

Since the mid-19th century, dozens of artists and composers have come to the Alps. One of them was Gustav Mahler (1860-1911), who lived in several remote and secluded corners of mountainous Austria.

Steinbach on Lake Attersee. Here Mahler stayed at the hotel many times, which is now called the “Gasthof Fettinger"; there he composed his Second and Third Symphonies. The composer was widely known for his personal sensitivity to extraneous noise: organ grinders were specially given money to stay away from home, and bells were muffled by cows, and children were strictly forbidden to come close to the hotel. Mahler later found solitude on another lake, Wörthersee, near Klagenfurt, in the very east of the mountains. He acquired a large house on the lake, and in a small glade in the forest on the slope he built a simple wooden summer house, in which he created a number of symphonies; it is a charming place, although there is nothing special here - four walls, a floor and a ceiling. You can get to it only on foot, rising through the forest, from the busy, full of resting banks of Wörthersee. Currently, the house is guarded in fact as a shrine dedicated to the memory of Mahler. But in Klagenfurts in 1907, on the eve of his fifteenth birthday, the composer’s eldest daughter Maria died of scarlet fever, and Mahler never returned here, spending the last summer months of his life in a remote resort town in the Tyrolean Alps near Dobbyako. You can read more about the sights of Switzerland in the article http://www.syl.ru/article/152718/new_shveytsariya-dostoprimechatelnosti-i-goroda-chto-posmotret-v-shveytsarii .

Richard Wagner (1813-1883), another composer who loved to work in quiet places on the shores of lakes, from 1866 to 1872 lived in a villa in Tribshen, in the canton of Lucerne. Wagner was not a stranger in Lucerne, where he acquired property; during a long stay at the Schweizerhof hotel in 1859, he composed the opera Tristan, and Siegfried’s Idyll was born in another Lucerne residence, Hotel du Lac, in 1852. Traveling around Switzerland with his mistress Cosima, daughter of Liszt Ferenc, Wagner took note of this beautiful secluded estate in Tribshen. “No one can get me out of here again,” he later said of his new home. The creations that I conceived in this serene and delightful Switzerland, when my eyes are on the wonderful mountains in golden crowns, will be masterpieces, and nowhere else would I have their plan. ”

The quiet Wagner villa, towering above the trees, stands on a cliff, which is surrounded on three sides by water, and from there there are wonderful views of the lake. In 1870, the composer married Cosim, and the years he spent in Lucerne became one of the most fruitful periods of his work. In 1938, Arturo Toscanini conducted a concert in this house - this was the solemn celebration of the opening of the first Lucerne Festival, which eventually became one of the most prestigious music festivals in the world; it is not surprising that the house itself currently houses a museum dedicated to the life and work of Wagner.

Many artists also believed that surrounded by mountains, away from worldly fuss, inspiration descends on them, and through solitude their work is improved. At the beginning of the 20th century, Gustav Klimt (1862-1918) often stayed in a house on the Attersee, he was attracted to the same beautiful landscape with many cliffs, which Mahler was inspired a few years earlier. Klimt’s lover, Emilia Flege, owned a house in Unterach on the same lake, and this house often appeared in his paintings. Murnau, an ancient medieval town in the Bavarian Alps is considered the cradle of German Art Nouveau: the artist Gabriel Munter (1877-1962) bought a rural house on the banks of Staffelsee in 1909 and spent more than one summer here, and the city soon became a center of attraction for an art group known as Der Blaue Reiter ”(“ The Blue Horseman ”). It included, in particular, Vasily Kandinsky and Franz Mark.

Ascona, another lake resort on Lago Maggiore, has attracted various groups of philosophers, artists and cultural figures for more than a hundred years, beginning with the Russian anarchist Mikhail Bakunin, who came here in the 1870s. At the turn of the century, Henri Odenkoven and Uda Hoffmann founded a colony of vegetarian artists on a slope looking at the resort, and between the two world wars Ascona turned into a favorite vacation spot not only of Isadora Duncan, but also many others. Lenin, Jung, Hesse, Kandinsky and Paul Klee - all of them at one time or another visited this town, giving it a certain piquant bohemianism; the city differed from it by the rather sedate in character Locarno, of which Ascona is a part.