Paolo di Giovanni Fei – The Assumption of the Virgin National Gallery of Art (Washington)

The composition is structured around a distinct division between earthly and celestial realms. Below, a gathering of figures occupies a shallow space defined by architectural elements – likely representing witnesses to a momentous event. They are arranged in a tiered fashion, with those closest to the viewer kneeling or prostrating themselves in apparent reverence. Their faces exhibit a range of expressions, from solemn contemplation to open-mouthed astonishment, suggesting a collective experience of awe and wonder. The artist has rendered them with individualized features, lending a sense of realism to their depiction despite the stylized nature of the overall work.
Above this earthly scene rises a sweeping arc populated by angelic figures. These beings are characterized by elongated forms, delicate wings, and an ethereal quality achieved through the use of gold leaf. They appear to be ascending towards a central figure enthroned within a radiant halo. This central figure is adorned in elaborate robes and crowned, conveying a sense of majesty and divine authority. The arrangement of the angels creates a dynamic upward movement, visually reinforcing the concept of ascension or elevation.
The color palette is dominated by rich reds, blues, and golds, contributing to the painting’s overall opulence and spiritual significance. The gold leaf, particularly prominent in the depiction of the angelic figures and the central figures halo, serves not only as a visual embellishment but also as a symbolic representation of divine light and glory.
The artist employed a hierarchical arrangement of scale, with the celestial figures appearing significantly larger than those below, further emphasizing their elevated status. The use of perspective is somewhat flattened, typical of the period, which contributes to the painting’s decorative quality rather than creating an illusion of depth.
Subtly embedded within this scene are hints of narrative complexity. The gestures of some of the earthly figures – raised hands, bowed heads – suggest a profound emotional response to what they witness. The arrangement and interaction between these figures imply a communal experience, reinforcing themes of faith, devotion, and shared belief. The painting seems to explore the intersection of the human and divine realms, portraying an event that transcends ordinary understanding and inspires both wonder and reverence.