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Linguistic assimilation: Anglo-Norman influence on the Middle English lexicon
The Norman Conquest of 1066 catalyzed the most sweeping transformation in the history of the English language, radically altering its vocabulary and grammatical structureThe period following the Battle of Hastings is characterized by a unique sociolinguistic situation, in which the Germanic base of Old English was subjected to the intense influence of a Romance superstrate.
Philosophy of Health: Ethics and the Meaning of Medicine
The philosophy of health is a field at the intersection of the philosophy of medicine, bioethics, and social theory, where debates arise regarding what constitutes health and illness, how medicine justifies its decisions, and what meaning people ascribe to treatment, care, and living with disabilitiesBecause these concepts are linked to resource allocation, patient rights, and the boundaries of "normal," debates here quickly become practical rather than academic.
The Influence of Turkish on Balkan Languages: A Historical Analysis
The influence of Turkish on the languages of the Balkan Peninsula is one of the most extensive examples of linguistic interference in European history, shaping a unique lexical layer and affecting the grammatical structures of the Balkan languages.
Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity is a fundamental property of the nervous system to alter its structure and functional organization in response to sensory experience, learning, or injury.
Genesis of the technical: from craft to system
Philosophical understanding of technology began not with the advent of the steam engine, but from the moment when humans first questioned the limits of their intervention in the natural order.
Apophenia: The Phenomenon of Perceiving False Relationships
The human brain constantly scans its environment, searching for structure, order, and meaning. This process occurs automatically and continuously. However, sometimes this mechanism malfunctions.
The Zeigarnik Effect: Cognitive Mechanisms of Unfinished Action
The Zeigarnik effect is a psychological phenomenon that establishes a dependence between the effectiveness of memorization and the degree of completion of an action. The essence of this phenomenon is that interrupted or unfinished tasks are retained in memory significantly better and longer than those completed.
The Barnum (Forer) Effect: The Psychological Nature of Subjective Validation
The phenomenon of personality perception, in which a person evaluates general and vague character descriptions as exceptionally accurate and tailored to them, is known in science as the Barnum effectIn academia, the term "Forer effect" is more commonly used, named after the psychologist who first demonstrated this phenomenon experimentally.
Imposter Syndrome: Phenomenology, Etiology, and Cognitive Biases
The impostor phenomenon describes a psychological pattern in which an individual doubts their own achievements. They experience a persistent, irrational fear of being exposed as a fraud.
Dunning-Kruger effect
A cognitive bias in which people with low competence in a given area draw erroneous conclusions and make poor decisions, yet are unable to recognize their errors due to their low level of expertise.
Pareto’s Law: An Empirical Analysis of the Imbalance of Cause and Effect
The Pareto principle, often referred to as the 80/20 rule, describes a fundamental asymmetry in the distribution of resources, effort, and outcomes in complex systems. The essence of the observation is that a small proportion of input parameters determines the overwhelming majority of the final results.
How the Brain Fills Memory Gaps: The Phenomenon of Constructive Memory and the Mechanisms of Perceptual Filling
Human memory doesn’t function like a video recording device, storing an exact copy of events for later playback. It’s a reconstructive process, subject to constant modification, re-evaluation, and addition.
The Illusion of Understanding: Why We Think We Know Everything
Cognitive science identifies a specific mental bias in which people systematically overestimate their understanding of how the world works. This phenomenon is called the "illusion of explanatory depth" (IOED).
Trophies and Ghosts: The Dark History of the Louvre’s Collections
Millions of people walk the halls of the Louvre every year, admiring the impeccable beauty of its works of artThe Venus de Milo, the Victory of Samothrace, the Mona Lisa—these names sound synonymous with grandeur. But behind the glittering façade of the world’s most visited museum lies a different story.
Psychological Petrification: Why the Fear of Irreversible Decisions Paralyzes Us
You feel frozenSeveral paths lie ahead, each leading to a completely different life. You might change careers, move to another city, get married, or, conversely, end a relationship. A decision needs to be made, but instead of action, you’re frozen. This state is known as psychological petrification—a paralysis of the will caused not by laziness, but by a deep-seated fear of the irreversibility of the choice.