Griffoni Polyptych, Predella – Miracles of Saint Vincent Ferrer Ercole de Roberti (1451/56-1496)

The predella presents a sequence of narrative scenes unfolding within meticulously rendered architectural settings. Here we observe a procession of episodes, each populated by numerous figures engaged in varied activities and displaying distinct emotional states. The overall impression is one of controlled drama, achieved through careful composition and the use of color to delineate spatial depth and highlight key moments.
The architecture itself plays a significant role. Classical elements – arches, columns, porticoes – are integrated into the scenes, suggesting an idealized setting that transcends specific geographical location. These structures serve not merely as backdrops but actively frame the action, directing the viewer’s eye and contributing to the sense of order and solemnity. The varying degrees of ruin visible in some areas introduce a subtle tension; while the architecture is generally imposing, signs of decay hint at the passage of time or perhaps symbolize the fragility of earthly power.
The figures are rendered with considerable detail, their garments richly textured and individualized. Facial expressions range from profound grief to ecstatic joy, conveying the emotional weight of the events depicted. The artist demonstrates a keen understanding of human anatomy and gesture, imbuing each figure with a sense of presence and realism. Note particularly the use of light and shadow to model forms and create a three-dimensional effect.
A recurring motif is that of crowds – large gatherings of people reacting to the central figure’s actions. These groups are not merely passive observers; they actively participate in the narrative, their gestures and expressions amplifying the significance of the events unfolding before them. The inclusion of these onlookers underscores the public nature of the miracles being portrayed and emphasizes the saints role as a conduit between the divine and humanity.
The color palette is dominated by warm tones – ochres, reds, and browns – which contribute to the overall sense of warmth and vitality. However, cooler blues and greens are strategically employed to create contrast and highlight specific elements within the composition. The use of gold leaf, particularly in architectural details and on certain garments, adds a touch of opulence and reinforces the sacred nature of the subject matter.
Subtly embedded within this narrative framework is an exploration of themes such as faith, repentance, and divine intervention. The scenes suggest that miracles are not merely acts of supernatural power but also catalysts for moral transformation. The inclusion of figures displaying signs of suffering or remorse implies a connection between spiritual redemption and earthly experience. Ultimately, the predella functions as a visual sermon, intended to inspire piety and reinforce the importance of religious devotion.