Female! Learn to read and write! Oh, Maman! If you were competent, you would help me! (Kruglikova E.) Soviet Posters (1917-1941)

In this striking black and white woodcut, titled Female! Learn to read and write! Oh, Maman! If you were competent, you would help me! by E. Kruglikova from 1923, a stark illustration conveys a powerful message. We see two figures silhouetted in a domestic setting.
On the left, a woman, presumably a mother, stands with her back somewhat turned, her head slightly bowed. She is dressed in a traditional headscarf and a striped apron, suggesting a modest, perhaps working-class background. Her gesture with her hands seems open, possibly even pleading or explanatory, though its difficult to decipher definitively in silhouette.
Facing her, seated at a table, is a young person, likely a child, engrossed in a book. This figure is depicted with their head tilted upwards, looking at the woman, with an expression that could be interpreted as pleading, frustrated, or anxious. The book is open, and what looks like an inkwell and pen are also on the table, indicating the child is in the process of learning or doing homework. Behind the child, a samovar stands prominently, a symbol of tea culture and domestic life. The background includes a brick oven and a chicken, further grounding the scene in a rural or traditional home environment.
The subtext of this artwork is a potent commentary on the importance of literacy and education, particularly for women, in early 20th-century Russia. The large text at the top, Female! Learn to read and write! serves as a direct exhortation, a call to action. The dialogue spoken by the child, Oh, Maman! If you were competent, you would help me! reveals the core of the artists message. The childs inability to complete their studies without assistance highlights the mothers illiteracy. This lack of education prevents the mother from fulfilling a supportive role in her childs learning.
The artwork implicitly criticizes a societal system that has historically limited womens access to education. The title and the depicted scene together advocate for female empowerment through literacy, suggesting that educated women would be better equipped to contribute to both their families and society. The artist is not just illustrating a moment of a childs struggle; she is posing a question about broader societal responsibility and the transformative power of knowledge. The stark contrast of the black silhouettes against a lighter background amplifies the urgency and severity of this message.