Mei Bernardino (1612 Siena – 1676 Rome) – Expulsion of merchants from the temple (104x141 cm) 1650s J. Paul Getty Museum

The composition presents a scene of forceful disruption within what appears to be a grand architectural space. A central figure, identifiable by his long hair and beard, is actively engaged in overturning tables and scattering objects with a rope or whip held aloft. His posture conveys intense energy and righteous indignation; the body leans forward, suggesting an immediate and decisive action. The clothing – a simple red tunic over a white undergarment – contrasts sharply with the elaborate attire of those he confronts.
Surrounding him is a throng of individuals exhibiting a range of reactions. One woman, positioned prominently to his left, displays a face contorted in anger or protest, her mouth open in what could be a shout. She clutches at her garments as they are disturbed by the commotion. Other figures recoil from the central figure’s actions, their expressions conveying surprise, fear, or resistance. A man partially obscured behind the woman appears to be attempting to shield himself or his wares.
The artist has paid considerable attention to detail in depicting the scattered objects: baskets overflowing with fowl, loaves of bread, and various other goods are strewn across the floor, creating a sense of chaos and disorder. The architectural setting is characterized by classical columns and sculpted reliefs, suggesting an important public space – likely a temple or similar structure – now being violated.
The lighting scheme contributes to the dramatic effect. A strong light source illuminates the central figure and those immediately surrounding him, casting deep shadows on other areas of the scene. This highlights the intensity of the action and draws the viewers attention to the key players in the drama. The use of chiaroscuro enhances the emotional impact, emphasizing the conflict between order and disruption, piety and commerce.
Beyond the immediate narrative, subtexts relating to authority, justice, and societal norms are suggested. The forceful expulsion implies a challenge to established power structures and a rejection of corruption or exploitation within a sacred space. The varied reactions of the onlookers hint at the complexities of social dynamics and the potential for both support and opposition when challenging conventional practices.