Portrait of James VII of Scotland, II of England (1633-1701) Sir Godfrey Kneller (1646-1723)

The engraving presents a formal portrait of a man in regal attire. He is depicted from the chest upwards, his gaze directed towards the viewer with a measured expression. The subjects hair is styled in voluminous curls that cascade around his shoulders, a fashionable aesthetic for the period. A large, ornate lace cravat adorns his neck, adding to the impression of wealth and status.
The man wears armor beneath a cloak or mantle, suggesting both military authority and royal lineage. His left hand rests on what appears to be a hilt, further reinforcing this martial symbolism. The name James is inscribed on a band around his wrist, followed by “the 2nd,” indicating succession within a ruling dynasty.
Above the subjects head floats a crown suspended amidst swirling clouds, visually emphasizing his royal position and divine right to rule. This placement elevates him beyond the earthly realm, suggesting a connection to higher powers. The clouds themselves are rendered with considerable detail, creating a sense of depth and grandeur.
At the bottom of the composition, a scattering of symbolic objects is arranged: anchors, stars, and what appear to be nautical instruments. These elements likely allude to maritime power, exploration, or perhaps even a specific naval victory associated with the individual’s reign. The inclusion of these emblems suggests an attempt to portray him as a ruler who commands both land and sea.
The engraving is executed in a style characteristic of its time, utilizing chiaroscuro techniques to create contrast and highlight key features. The meticulous detailing of the clothing, armor, and facial features conveys a sense of realism while simultaneously reinforcing the subject’s elevated status. The overall effect is one of authority, dignity, and carefully constructed image designed to project power and legitimacy.