169 Eighth Sphere, The Fixed Stars – The church triumphant Divina Commedia (1444-1450)

The composition presents a layered cosmological vision rendered in tempera on panel. A deep ultramarine blue dominates the background, establishing a sense of vastness and otherworldliness. Within this expanse, concentric circles define a celestial sphere, radiating outwards from a central focal point.
At the heart of the sphere resides a group of three figures, bathed in golden light. They appear to be engaged in an act of blessing or benediction, their gestures conveying serenity and divine authority. The figures are rendered with delicate features and idealized forms, characteristic of devotional art intended to inspire reverence.
Encircling this central grouping are bands of color – alternating shades of blue, green, yellow, and red – representing the layers of the celestial sphere itself. These rings create a visual rhythm that draws the eye towards the center while simultaneously emphasizing the immensity of the cosmos. The meticulous application of gold leaf within these bands enhances their luminosity and symbolic significance, suggesting divine radiance and incorruptibility.
To the left, a winged figure stands guard over the scene. This being, likely an angel or celestial messenger, gestures protectively toward the central sphere while simultaneously warding off a demonic presence depicted in miniature on a fiery chariot. The contrast between the angelic figure’s benevolent expression and the demons tormented state underscores the ongoing cosmic struggle between good and evil.
Along the right edge of the composition, a procession of human figures advances towards the celestial sphere. They are dressed in varied attire – robes, tunics, helmets – suggesting individuals from different social strata or historical periods. Their gazes are directed upwards, toward the central group within the sphere, indicating aspiration and reverence for the divine realm. The orderly arrangement of these figures implies a hierarchical structure, perhaps representing humanity’s journey towards salvation or enlightenment.
The paintings subtexts revolve around themes of cosmic order, divine hierarchy, and human redemption. It reflects a worldview where the universe is structured according to God’s plan, with celestial beings mediating between the divine and mortal realms. The inclusion of the demonic figure introduces an element of conflict, highlighting the challenges faced by humanity in its pursuit of spiritual perfection. Ultimately, the work conveys a message of hope – the promise of salvation and eternal life for those who demonstrate faith and devotion.