Surface drainage: types, system elements, installation work 
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Surface drainage is necessary to protect buildings, plants, and roads from the negative effects of water and moisture. Its installation is relevant in private courtyards located in low-lying areas. Owners of the latter who neglect the drainage system will likely encounter dampness in the house, flooding of basements, premature destruction of the foundation, damage to trees, bushes and lawns.
Types of surface drainage
To ensure prompt removal of excess moisture from the site, two types of drainage systems are used - linear and point. Each of them performs important functions. Trays are installed around the perimeter. They can cut into the ground or be embedded in asphalt/concrete pavements. Linear drainage allows you to collect water from an impressive area. For its arrangement, plastic, concrete, and polymer concrete elements are used. The trays are connected to wells and covered with decorative and protective grilles.
Point drainage collects water in local areas. The simplest example is a rain inlet under a drainpipe mounted from the roof of a house. The system consists of receivers and arrays.
Elements of the drainage structure are selected individually. Their parameters depend on many factors. The most important factors are the level of precipitation, the depth of groundwater, and the size of the site. Liquid drainage can be organized in different ways - into a storage tank for use for technical purposes, outside the yard, into a sewer, or a reservoir located nearby.
Installation of surface drainage
You can start developing a project at the construction stage or during the operation of a country house. It is important to consider all the nuances, including the level of inclination, the lowest point, the location of buildings and lawns. During installation, the sand trap is installed first. The trays are placed along an inclined axis in relation to the well. Otherwise, you will have to buy a pump to pump out water.
Some requirements must be met:
- the depth of penetration must be such that after installation the grating does not protrude on the surface;
- the seams must be sealed end-to-end with a bitumen mixture;
- It is important to ensure the immobility of the trays by performing concreting if necessary.
The drainage system needs maintenance. Therefore, it is advisable to fasten the gratings with bolts.