Fedoskino lacquer painting Automatic translate

Underlak painting is a skill that Russia is justly proud of. These are Palekh, Mstera, Khokhloma, and, of course, Fedoskino.

The Fedoskino factory of miniature painting is the oldest in Russia. During the years of Soviet power, a new building was built, which is now somewhat dilapidated. The workshops of the factory also require repair. But real magic does not require expensive entourage, and the folk masters of Fedoskin are still working, and real fabulous miniatures come out from under their hands.

Troikas rang out bells, samovars puffed, hawthorns nodded, boots creaked on good fellows. The domes flashed like gold, the snow sparkled with silver… And a lacquer fairy tale blossomed on the casket. Such that we are all dear from childhood. And the artists come up with and draw it.

The third century, at the Fedoskino factory of miniature painting, lacquer boxes, boxes, powder boxes, brooches are born. And all - with an amazing painting.

The names of modern masters of Fedoskino miniatures - G. Larishev, M. Chizhov, M. Pashinin, Yu. Karapayev were known not only in the USSR, but also abroad at the end of the 20th century. By the way, the Fedoskino miniaturist traditionally signs his work. All these masters are honored artists, laureates of the State Prize. I. E. Repin. Under Soviet rule, more than two hundred miniaturists worked at the Fedoskino Order of the Badge of Honor at the factory of miniature painting. The works of the best of them are presented in the largest museums in Russia - in the State Russian Museum in St. Petersburg, in the State Historical Museum and in the Museum of Folk Art in Moscow.

The now famous craft appeared in the 19th century not far from Moscow, for a reason. The fashion for Chinese varnishes spread at that time from Western Europe to Russia. So the merchant Korobov began the production of lacquered snuff boxes, and his successor Lukutin - boxes, powder boxes, boxes decorated with miniatures from Russian life. Russian varnishes were not inferior to overseas ones. The boxes turned out to be durable, graceful, and original. One had only to look at them, and it became clear where the thing was done: typically Russian landscapes with birches, Russian girls in sarafans, with braids and rockers, good fellows on good horses…

The manufacturing technology of lacquer boxes today is in many respects similar to that of a century ago. As before, cardboard strips are glued together in layers, dried in special cabinets, then the bottoms are attached to future products, they are primed, dried, polished. And only then the artists get down to business. In a small space of the lacquer plate, they have to create a whole composition.

The work of a miniaturist artist

The work of a miniaturist is long and painstaking. It requires talent, a faithful eye, an unmistakable flair for color and… endless patience. Since childhood, many young residents of the village of Fedoskina have been accustomed to writing fairy tales for hours. The ability to write "through" and "in a dense" was passed down from generation to generation.

To write "tightly" means to apply a drawing layer by layer, when the composition becomes more expressive and brighter each time. And when they write "through-the-flow", artists apply paints on special linings that reflect light. It can be mother-of-pearl, gold leaf, and aluminum soil. Against this background, the oil paints used by the Fedoskinites burn even brighter, the miniature looks even more elegant. It was then that the picture with which we began our story turns out - with golden domes and silvery snow.

Not a single work of Fedoskino artists is like the others. Even if the masters write one composition, each of them gets his own, unique miniature. Because each master has his own color scheme, and the faces of the fairy-tale characters are different, and each artist thinks out the lighting of the miniature in his own way.

Copied subjects occupy less and less place in the works of artists (before, a lot was written here on the boxes of Levitan’s and Shishkin’s landscapes). Now more and more appear in the factory of compositions designed by local artists. Traditional themes and motives are renewed, new, modern miniatures are created on the basis of classical images. At the end of the twentieth century, at the time of the most rapid development of folk crafts, such well-known works as "Round Dance" by V. Lipitsky, "At the Rowan" by Y. Karapayev, "Morozko" by G. Larishev appeared.

In Fedoskin there is a school where young artists learn the basics of the craft - a change of experienced craftsmen.

The technology for making Fedoskino lacquer miniatures has been preserved in its original form for 200 years (since 1795) and consists of a long and thorough gluing of cardboard, then impregnating it with linseed oil at high temperatures, drying, pressing, grinding, polishing, and varnishing. After that, the primer of the product and the actual work of the artist take place. After that, each product is assigned an individual number, a certificate is issued to it and it is signed by the artist’s personal signature. a hundred-year guarantee is given for each product, the miniatures are not afraid of water or fungus. Currently, the Fedoskino factory produces lacquer boxes, panels, brooches and pendants, business card holders, ashtrays and other goods that can be bought in the company store. For those who wish, there are daily tours of the factory and its museum.

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