Pierre Bourguignon – Anne-Marie-Louise d’Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, La Grande Mademoiselle, as Minerva, Holding a Portrait of her Father, Gaston of France Château de Versailles

The composition presents a seated figure enveloped in classical iconography, set against a dark, undefined background that emphasizes her presence. She is depicted as Minerva, the Roman goddess of wisdom and warfare, identifiable through the helmet adorned with plumes, the aegis draped over her arm, and the spear she holds. The artist has rendered her with an assertive posture; she sits upright, conveying authority and self-possession. Her gaze is directed outward, suggesting a sense of vigilance or perhaps defiance.
The most striking element is the oval portrait held in her left hand. It depicts a man, presumably a father figure, whose likeness is captured in a formal, almost somber manner. The inclusion of this portrait introduces a layer of personal significance to the allegorical representation. It suggests a connection between the subject’s identity and that of her paternal lineage, imbuing her with inherited status and perhaps a claim to power or influence.
The lower portion of the painting is populated by symbolic objects. A shield rests near her left arm, further reinforcing the martial aspect of Minervas persona. Below this, a collection of books and architectural fragments are arranged on a stone plinth. These elements likely allude to learning, intellectual pursuits, and perhaps even artistic patronage – qualities associated with both Minerva and the subject herself.
The color palette is dominated by warm tones – golds, yellows, and reds – which contribute to an overall impression of grandeur and nobility. The contrast between the luminous figure and the dark background intensifies her presence and draws attention to the details of her attire and accessories.
Subtly, the painting appears to be a statement about lineage and power. By associating herself with Minerva, the subject is not merely adopting a symbol of wisdom and strength; she is asserting a claim to these qualities through her connection to a powerful male ancestor. The portrait held within the frame serves as a constant reminder of this heritage, suggesting that her authority derives from both divine inspiration and familial legacy.