Jakob Ferdinand Voet – Cardinal de Retz Part 4 National Gallery UK

The portrait presents a man in what appears to be ecclesiastical attire. He is positioned centrally against a dark, indistinct background, which serves to emphasize his figure and draw attention to his face. The artist has chosen a three-quarter pose, allowing for a degree of detail in the rendering of his garments and facial expression while maintaining a sense of formality.
The man’s age is evident; lines etch themselves around his eyes and mouth, suggesting experience and perhaps weariness. His gaze is direct, almost confrontational, conveying an impression of intelligence and authority. The hair, abundant and styled with curls, frames his face in a manner characteristic of the period, while also softening some of the harsher aspects of his features. A voluminous red cap, likely indicative of his high office, sits atop his head.
The rich crimson cloak dominates the composition, its texture rendered with considerable skill, creating a sense of depth and luxuriousness. Beneath it, a crisp white linen collar provides a stark contrast to both the red fabric and the man’s skin tone, highlighting the neck and upper chest area. The lace at the cuff of his sleeve hints at further refinement and status.
Beyond the straightforward depiction of an individual in ceremonial dress, subtle nuances suggest a more complex narrative. There is a certain gravity in his expression that transcends mere portraiture; it implies a man accustomed to responsibility and perhaps burdened by difficult decisions. The slight downturn of his mouth could be interpreted as melancholy or resignation. The overall impression is one of a person who has navigated turbulent times and carries the weight of those experiences with him. The deliberate use of shadow, particularly around the eyes and lower face, contributes to this sense of depth and introspection.