Italian – The Head of Saint John the Baptist Part 3 National Gallery UK

The composition presents a severed head resting upon a circular platter supported by a slender pedestal. The figures eyes are closed in repose, suggesting either death or a meditative state. A dark halo encircles the head, partially obscured by what appears to be a faded inscription rendered in gold.
The artist has paid considerable attention to rendering the texture of the hair, depicting it as thick and wavy with individual strands carefully delineated. The skin tone is realistically portrayed, exhibiting subtle variations in color that suggest both life and decay. A small pool of blood gathers at the base of the neck, a stark indicator of violence.
The background is predominantly dark, creating a dramatic contrast with the pale complexion of the head and the white surface of the platter. This darkness serves to isolate the figure, drawing the viewers attention directly to its features. A narrow band of orange-brown color appears at the very bottom of the composition, providing a grounding element while also contributing to the overall somber mood.
Inscriptions are visible near the base of the pedestal: MDXL and FI.KL.FIB. These likely represent dates or names significant to the works creation or patronage, though their precise meaning remains unclear without further contextual information.
The subtexts inherent in this image revolve around themes of sacrifice, martyrdom, and faith. The presentation of a severed head is inherently unsettling, evoking notions of loss and suffering. The halo suggests sanctity, implying that the figure’s death was not merely an end but a transition to a higher state of being. The platter itself can be interpreted as a symbolic offering or display, elevating the gruesome reality into something ritualistic. The overall effect is one of profound solemnity, prompting contemplation on mortality and spiritual devotion.