Smith, Royall Brewster (American, 1801-1855) American artists

The portrait presents a woman in what appears to be mid-19th century attire. She is positioned centrally against a dark green backdrop, which emphasizes her presence and draws attention to her features. The composition adheres to the conventions of formal portraiture, with the subject facing forward and occupying nearly the entire frame.
Here we see a woman with a serious expression; her gaze is direct and unwavering, conveying an impression of composure and perhaps even a degree of solemnity. Her skin tone is rendered in muted colors, suggesting a realistic approach to depicting human appearance rather than idealization. The artist has paid particular attention to the rendering of light and shadow on her face, which contributes to the sense of depth and volume.
The woman’s clothing is noteworthy. She wears a dark, high-necked dress with elaborate lace detailing at the sleeves and neckline. A delicate veil adorns her head, partially obscuring her hair while adding an element of refinement. Around her neck hangs a gold necklace, its intricate design reflecting wealth and status. The fabrics texture appears somewhat stiff, which contributes to the overall formality of the portrait. She holds a white handkerchief in her hand, a common prop in portraits that could signify modesty or be used as a visual anchor within the composition.
The inscription located on the right side of the painting provides additional information: Eliza R. Read, Born Feb 19, 1811, Painted Oct 1831. This text serves to identify the sitter and date the work, grounding it in a specific historical context. The lettering style is characteristic of the period, further reinforcing this sense of time.
Subtleties within the painting suggest more than just a straightforward representation of an individual. The woman’s serious expression might indicate a certain gravity or responsibility associated with her social standing. The meticulous detail given to her clothing and jewelry underscores the importance placed on appearances and material possessions during that era. The dark background, while visually striking, also creates a sense of distance between the subject and the viewer, hinting at a reserved personality or perhaps a desire for privacy. Overall, the painting offers a glimpse into the life and values of a woman within a specific social stratum in 19th-century America.